Joss paper (simplified Chinese: ??; traditional Chinese: ??; pinyin: j?nzh?; literally: "gold paper", Chinese: ???; pinyin: y?ns?zh?, Chinese: ??; pinyin: zh?qián, or simplified Chinese: ??; traditional Chinese: ??; pinyin: míng bì; literally: "shade/dark money" / Vietnamese: vàng mã in the North or gi?y ti?n vàng b?c in the South), also known as ghost money, are sheets of paper and/or paper-crafts made into burnt offerings which are common in various Asian religious practices including the veneration of the deceased on holidays and special occasions. Joss paper, as well as other papier-mâché items, are also burned in various Asian funerals, to ensure that the spirit of the deceased has lots of good things in the afterlife.